Actinic keratoses and cellular damage repair

How does actinic keratosis develop?

Actinic keratosis is a skin condition linked to chronic and excessive exposure to the sun. It develops when ultraviolet (UV) rays, particularly UVA and UVB rays, gradually damage the skin’s cells.

Over the years, this repeated exposure causes changes to the DNA of skin cells. The skin is no longer able to regenerate properly, leading to the appearance of thickened, rough and sometimes scaly patches. These lesions most commonly develop on the areas most exposed to the sun: the face, scalp, ears, neck and hands.

Actinic keratosis mainly affects people who have been heavily exposed to the sun throughout their lives, particularly without adequate protection. It is also more common in fair-skinned individuals, who are more sensitive to the effects of UV rays.

Initially, the lesions may be subtle, felt more by touch than seen. Over time, they become more visible and persistent. Although benign, they are considered precancerous lesions: it is therefore essential to monitor and treat them.